What Are Flat Feet?

Flat feet, also known as fallen arches, occur when the natural arch along the inside of the foot collapses or fails to fully develop. The arch is formed by a complex system of bones, ligaments, tendons, and muscles that work together to support the body during standing, walking, and running. When this structure becomes weakened or misaligned, the entire sole of the foot may make contact with the ground.

Some individuals are born with flat feet, while others develop the condition over time due to tendon dysfunction, injury, arthritis, aging, obesity, or abnormal biomechanics. Flat feet can lead to foot pain, ankle instability, shin splints, knee pain, hip discomfort, and even lower back strain if left untreated.

A simple way to check for flat feet is the “wet footprint test.” After wetting the foot and stepping onto a dry surface, a full footprint without a noticeable inward curve may indicate fallen arches.

What Are Custom Orthotics?

Orthotic devices are shoe inserts designed to support and align the feet properly. While over-the-counter inserts may provide temporary cushioning, prescription custom orthotics are tailored to the exact contours of your feet and are designed to correct biomechanical imbalances.

Dr. Patel performs a detailed biomechanical evaluation to assess your foot structure, gait, and alignment. Based on this assessment, custom orthotics are fabricated to redistribute pressure, improve stability, and enhance overall function.

There are two primary types of orthotic devices:

• Functional Orthotics: Made from semi-rigid materials such as graphite or specialized plastics, these devices control abnormal motion and help reduce pain from tendonitis, overuse injuries, and biomechanical dysfunction.
• Accommodative Orthotics: Softer and more cushioned, these are designed to relieve pressure in sensitive areas and are often recommended for diabetic foot conditions, bunions, calluses, or arthritis.

Custom orthotics are typically more durable and effective than generic inserts because they are built specifically for your anatomy and walking mechanics. Many insurance plans cover a portion of the cost.

How Orthotics Help Flat Feet

Prescription orthotics help support the arch, stabilize the heel, and improve alignment of the foot and ankle. This correction can reduce excessive strain on the posterior tibial tendon and surrounding ligaments, helping to prevent progressive deformity and chronic pain.

Patients with flat feet often notice improvements in:

• Arch and heel pain
• Ankle instability
• Plantar fasciitis symptoms
• Shin splints
• Knee, hip, and lower back discomfort

Treatment Options for Flat Feet

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. In many cases, conservative care is highly effective. Dr. Patel may recommend:

• Custom prescription orthotics
• Supportive footwear with proper arch support
• Anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation
• Physical therapy and strengthening exercises
• Rest and ice to control swelling

If conservative treatments fail and the deformity progresses significantly, surgical correction may be considered as a last resort. Surgical intervention is only recommended when non-surgical options no longer provide adequate relief.

If you are experiencing symptoms of flat feet in Flushing, Queens or New York, NY, early intervention can prevent worsening alignment issues and long-term joint damage. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Rahul Patel to determine whether custom orthotics are right for you and take the first step toward improved comfort and mobility.